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X.25 is an ITU-T standard protocol suite for WAN networks using the phone or ISDN system as the networking hardware. It defines standard physical layer, data link layer and network layers (layers 1 through 3) of the OSI model. The packet switching network was the common name given to the international collection of X.25 providers, typically the various national telephone companies. Their combined network had large global coverage during the 1980s and into the '90s, and it is still in use mainly in transaction systems. X.25 was developed in the ITU Study Group VII based upon a number of emerging data network projects, such as the research project at the UK's National Physical Laboratory under the direction of Donald Davies who developed the concepts of packet switched networks Business - List of business/finance/loan/mortgage resources Computers - List of computer hardware/software/peripheral resources Internet - List of webhosting/webdesign/internet marketing resources Software - List of software resources Web Design - List of web design/development resources Web Hosting - List of web hosting resources Web Promotion - List of search engine optimization/internet marketing resources Web Resources - List of other web resources Recreation - List of travel/hotel/cruise resources Casino - List of online gambling/poker/blackjack/roulette resources Health - List of online pharmacy/hospital/health resources Shopping - List of online shopping/gift resources Miscellaneous - List of all other resources not stated above
The general concept of X.25 was to create a universal and global packet-switched network on what was then the bit-error prone analog phone system. Much of the X.25 system is a description of the rigorous error correction needed to achieve this, a system known as LAP-B. The X.25 model was based on the concept of establishing "virtual calls" through the network, with "data terminating equipment" (DTE's) providing endpoints to users that looked like point-to-connections. |
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